{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/cz3222s240/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Jerald Buttry, June 19, 1998 (tapes 10-11)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/071/original/Logo_1200x300.jpg?1590506235","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eTape 10 includes discussion of family, mining, community diversity, house on county line. Tape 11 includes discussion of work on a cable car, underground work, injury at Rock Falls, dodging the undertaker.  Full transcripts are available under the \"Transcript\" tab.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], Dante History Project Records, Archives of Appalachia, East Tennessee State University\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1998-06-19"]}},{"label":{"en":["Source"]},"value":{"en":["Dante History Project Records, Archives of Appalachia, East Tennessee State University"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eThe Archives of Appalachia at East Tennessee State University provides access to the digitized recordings on this website for the purposes of research and education. Any commercial uses of the materials or any uses that exceed the limits of fair use and other relevant statutory exceptions require the permission of the Archives of Appalachia and the copyright holder(s). It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials. The Archives of Appalachia makes every effort to adhere to all known copyright and rights of privacy, publicity, or trademark of these materials. If you are a rights holder of material on this site and believe that inclusion of this material violates your rights, please contact archives@etsu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eTape 10 includes discussion of family, mining, community diversity, house on county line. Tape 11 includes discussion of work on a cable car, underground work, injury at Rock Falls, dodging the undertaker.\u0026nbsp; Full transcripts are available under the \"Transcript\" tab.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eThe Archives of Appalachia at East Tennessee State University provides access to the digitized recordings on this website for the purposes of research and education. Any commercial uses of the materials or any uses that exceed the limits of fair use and other relevant statutory exceptions require the permission of the Archives of Appalachia and the copyright holder(s). It is the user's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright or other use restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials. The Archives of Appalachia makes every effort to adhere to all known copyright and rights of privacy, publicity, or trademark of these materials. If you are a rights holder of material on this site and believe that inclusion of this material violates your rights, please contact archives@etsu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Archives of Appalachia"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Archives of Appalachia"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/071/original/Logo_1200x300.jpg?1590506235","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - 0538_010.mp3"]},"duration":3336.82008,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-archivesofappalachia.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/131/134/original/0538_010.mp3?1639047271","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":3336.82008,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Tape 10 transcript (0538_010) [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kathy Shearer - It's June nineteenth, 1998 and I'm interviewing Jerald Buttry at his home in Bearwallow in Dante. Jerald, I want you to start by telling me about your parents. What was your father's name?\r\n\r\nJerald Buttry - Con Buttry.\r\n\r\nS - Con? Was that short for anything?\r\n\r\nB - Conley. C. was his initials.\r\n\r\nS - And what was your mother's name?\r\n\r\nB - Lottie A. Brooks.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, and where were they from?\r\n\r\nB - Well, my father was born and raised at Cleveland, around Cleveland and Lebanon over there.\r\n\r\nS - When it was a town?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, well yeah.\r\n\r\nS - In town or out on a farm?\r\n\r\nB - Well, my grandfather was Grandpa Buttry. My grandfather, he was the high sheriff of Russell County. Back in that time when my father was just a small boy you know and that's where he grew up and went to school, Cleveland and maybe at Lebanon some, and my mother was born and raised over at Carbo and Clinchfield over here and then Tom's Creek. My grandfather worked in the mines at Tom's Creek and they lived out there a while. Then he worked at the band mill just over near Clinchfield, over in there years ago.\r\n\r\nS - Now the band mill, that had to do with the timber?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - The logging industry?(20)\r\n\r\nB - Uh-huh.\r\n\r\nS - Were they cutting trees up to use in the mines or for houses?\r\n\r\nB - No, they were making lumber mostly to build houses and they shipped a lot of it. The government bought a lot of this land or this timber off this land over there but the land belonged to the Clinchfield . But they contracted it out you know to be cut and sold and my grandfather worked there at the band mill. I believe, I'm not sure, but I think my mother's brother worked there some too. Have you been out through there to Carbo?\r\n\r\nS - I've been to Carbo, mm-hm.\r\n\r\nB - Where the band mill set, you know where the colored graveyard is on the left?\r\n\r\nS - No, I don't.\r\n\r\nB - Well you know where the golf course is?\r\n\r\nS - Right.\r\n\r\nB - Where you pass the golf course. You know where those trash barrels and stuff are there on\r\nthe left? Well the band mill sat right to the left of the dump in that hollow, right there, where the\r\nband mill sat.\r\n\r\nS - Would they have lived pretty close to that?\r\n\r\nB - My grandfather lived just down there on the right. You could see the house from the band\r\nmill and then my mother was born in a log house just up before you get to the band mill and it\r\nwas on the right. They was an evergreen in there. I guess it's some kind of an evergreen tree. It's\r\nstill there. My grandfather set it out. It's a holly tree. They tore the house down, the log house is\r\ngone. She was born in that log house up there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=0.0,200.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - But the tree is still there?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, the evergreen ....\r\n\r\nS - The holly?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah the holly tree is still there. (Laughs.) Company let me have that land there to raise a\r\ngarden on one time years ago and my daddy asked me, he said, where you got that garden over\r\nthere ? I said you know where Mother was born there in that log house and they tore it down.\r\nHe said, lord that land's so poor, he said, the crows won't even fly over it. I didn't raise much\r\neither, it was.( 49)\r\n\r\nS - He was right.\r\n\r\nB - That ole white clay stuff.\r\n\r\nS - So when the band mill was operating, that would have been right around 1900 or so?\r\n\r\nB - I'd say it was 'cause it was before I was born. Well now it was still there when I was just a\r\nlittle boy.\r\n\r\nS - Was it?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, I can remember we'd go over there and the band mill was there. I must have been four\r\nor five years old. That's been about seventy years ago.\r\n\r\nS - How many children did you parents have?\r\n\r\nB - Well let's see, there was five ofus. Five children. I got three sisters and one brother.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, who was the oldest?\r\n\r\nB - I'm the oldest one.\r\n\r\nS - You are, okay. And when were you born?\r\n\r\nB - January the first, '23.\r\n\r\nS - And where was that?\r\n\r\nB - I was born in Russell County in South St. Paul. Well, they changed the river now. Well I\r\nwas across the river bridge going towards Castlewood you know where it goes down the river\r\nroad on the backside there.\r\n\r\nS - Right across from the Frosty Bossie?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, you go down through there and I was born down in there. And my sister was born on\r\nGray Hill I t~ink.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, your next sister?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, Allene.\r\n\r\nS - Allene?\r\n\r\nB - A-1-1-e-n-e, I think.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, she was born on Gray Hill?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, in St. Paul.(68) Lois my next sister she was born on Gray Hill.\r\n\r\nS - Mm-hm and who's next?\r\n\r\nB - Now Bob, he was born on Hazel Mountain, on-top of Hazel up here. And Dorothy she was\r\nborn on Hazel Mountain.\r\n\r\nS - So, moved around a good bit.\r\n\r\nB - Well, my father run the store for the Clinchfield up there, Store F.\r\n\r\nS - Well, what was he doing when he lived in South St. Paul where you were born?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=200.0,361.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B - Alright, he was working for Coeburn Produce, driving a truck for them delivering to these\r\nstores you know for the company, and then they hired him to run one of their stores for them and\r\nwe moved up on Hazel Mountain.\r\n\r\nS - Okay. That was store F, right?\r\n\r\nB - Store F, yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, and it was owned by the company and people would bring their scrip there?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, see they drawed their scrip there. Daddy had a scrip machine and he'd would ... if they\r\nhad time in the office ... money, well he could just run it through that machine and charge it to\r\nthem you know, to their check number and give them scrip.\r\n\r\nS - So would he have a phone up there to call back down here?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, he had a phone to call Dante. The main commissary was at Dante. And he worked at\r\nWilder too, it was Store A over there.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, is that where store A. was?\r\n\r\nB - And then they shut that one down and that was the first store, Store A ..\r\n\r\nS - So is Wilder a little older than Dante? Was it built up first?\r\n\r\nB - Well, Dante was here but Wilder started first. (90) See the mining coal, that was in the\r\nshaft over there . My father worked there before he went into service and then they had the\r\nextract plant over there where they had a plant. They made coke you know.\r\n\r\nS - At Wilder?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, over here where Moss Three preparation plant is.\r\n\r\nS - And they made coke there?\r\n\r\nB - They made coke. They gave me the big chimley and they pushed it over with a bull dozer and\r\nI went and got it and I built me a house on the mountain. I built my chimley out of the fire brick.\r\nFive inch fire brick, big brick.\r\n\r\nS - But now the mine at Wilder was a shaft mine?\r\n\r\nB - No, it wasn't a shaft mine. The shaft was down where you tum to go to Moss Three mines\r\nand the Wilder mines was on straight up the hollow towards Carrie up here.\r\n\r\nS - Would you go up the Chaney Creek road to get up to it?\r\n\r\nB - To Wilder?\r\n\r\nS - Yeah.\r\n\r\nB - No, you know where you tum to go up to the shaft?\r\n\r\nS - No, I don't. I know the Hazel Mountain road up there.\r\n\r\nB - Alright. Well you go around to Carrie and down right- handed and that brings you down\r\nWilder right there. Or you can go over to where you tum right to the shaft. You go straight on up\r\nand it brings you up to Wilder and it brings you back out around here, back down to Dante.\r\n\r\nS - But the shaft is down in the valley?\r\n\r\nB - It's down to the right of where Moss Two store commissary. Soon as you cross the railroad\r\ntrack, tum right and go straight on up to Wilder up the hollow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=361.0,547.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Now was the shaft put in before any of these drift mouth mines were opened up, do you\r\nthink? Or w,as it later?\r\n\r\nB - Well, now I don't know for sure.\r\n\r\nS - But your daddy worked there?\r\n\r\nB - He worked there before he went to World War One.(118)\r\n\r\nS - That was early.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, but I believe Wilder opened up first. I believe the mines at Wilder was the first they\r\nopened and then Clinchco opened and Dante. I think they opened 52 in 1906 or 1908, one up\r\nhere. I'm not sure. Number 52 was the first one opened over here and then they opened Number\r\nThree and Number Two across the mountain and then Number Three and then 53 and 58 and all\r\nthese other mines opened up just a few years down the road as they needed coal. Different seams\r\nof coal. Number Two seam and Number Three, that's Upper Banner. Fifty two, 53 was Lower\r\nBanner coal and the shaft was Tiller seam. It was on below, it's under us here.\r\n\r\nS - Underneath. Now did you ever hear about a tunnel that connected the Dante mines with the\r\nWilder mines? Where you could go through ?\r\n\r\nB - Well, see that Number Two across the mountain here, they cut through into Wilder. Number\r\nTwo cut through into Wilder just like 52 up here cut into Number Three. And they's been a lot of\r\nthe mines cut together on the same seams of coal. See the Number Two seam and the Wilder\r\nseam was the same one and Number Three was the same. But Number Two is the one that cut\r\nthrough into Wilder.\r\n\r\nS - Now I understand that when they got that done then they didn't need the town at Wilder\r\nanymore 'cause they could come in here.\r\n\r\nB - They brought the coal back here you see and they had a tipple in Straight Hollow and they\r\nbrought the coal through and they processed it over at Straight Hollow over here. They brought\r\nit from Number Two seam. They brought all that coal from back into Wilder and all that, they\r\nbrought it in this a way. They shut Wilder down.\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, so can you remember when Wilder was still a pretty big place?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. My father run a store over there and I was seven years old when we moved over there.\r\nHe was operating the store for them but now they had already started transferring that coal then.\r\nThen they wasn't no miners over there. All the miners was going in over here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=547.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - So that was about 1930 if you were seven. But now he(156) started up here on Hazel\r\nMountain with store F.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, aqd then he went to Wilder and then he come back to store F.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, so he went from F to A and then back to F.\r\n\r\nB - And then back to F. Uh-huh.\r\n\r\nS - Were they the same size store?\r\n\r\nB - No, Store A at Wilder was a lot bigger. Because see for the miners, they had their morgue\r\nthere just like they had down here at Dante. They had the morgue in the store. They stocked all\r\nthe caskets and things in the Store A at Wilder same as they did down here but now down under\r\nthe store at Wilder was where they had the caskets and at Dante they had another building for\r\nthem, next to the morgue.\r\n\r\nS - So when you were seven would you go down there and look at the caskets?\r\n\r\nB - I got in one of them once and I put my sister in one of them.\r\n\r\nS - Did you scare her?\r\nBUTTRY:No.\r\n\r\nS - She was having a good time.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. (Laughs.)\r\n\r\nS - Was it kind of creepy?\r\n\r\nB - It wasn't nothing. It didn't bother me then but it would now.\r\n\r\nS - How big a place was Wilder? Do you remember about how many houses?\r\n\r\nB - Oh, Lord. They was two-story houses just like these. In Sandy Bottom over there, they was\r\ntwo rows of houses and the road went up between them and they was two story houses and most\r\nof the time two families lived in them. They was two rooms downstairs and two up, and two\r\nrooms downstairs and two up on the other side. It was like a duplex and two families lived in\r\neach one of the houses and I'd say they was forty or fifty of those houses in Sandy Bottom plus all\r\nthe big houses. Where (180) we lived in was a big honse and a lot of the officials lived in those\r\nhouses right up near the company store. The miners lived down in Sandy Bottom most of them.\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, down in the flat. So, they had their own mining officials. They weren't governed from\r\nthe ones from Dante. Like Lee Long wouldn't have been in charge of Wilder?\r\n\r\nB - I guess he was .... Yeah, Lee Long was in charge of Wilder too, yeah.\r\n\r\nS - But who else was over at Wilder?\r\n\r\nB - Well when we was over there they, the Dante operated everything over there 'cause when I\r\nwas living over there, when I moved there wasn't too many people going in the mines over there\r\nto work but they wasn't bringing no coal out over there. They was going in and loading it and it\r\nwas coming out over at Number Two over here through the mountain.\r\n\r\nS - Right, but they still had a pretty good size work force working the coal?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=721.0,886.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B - Yeah, over there they just entered the mines but you never saw no coal coming out no more.\r\nSee they had the tracks over there and they had the railroad cars was there but they just stocked\r\nthem cars in there. They didn't load no more coal. The tipple was shut down over there. They\r\njust come in there later and pulled those cars out. They even had those side tracks and the\r\nClinchfield Railroad owned those cars and a lot of them was cars that was damaged and they\r\nwould shove them back in them side tracks over there 'till they could pull them out and work on\r\nthem you know.\r\n\r\nS - So, all of that was underground and you couldn't ever see any of the coal moving?\r\n\r\nB - Not over there, you didn't see no coal coming out. And they brought it out over here.\r\n\r\nS - Now as a child did you ever get to go in the mines at Wilder?\r\n\r\nB - No, I went up to the drift mouth. They was a bridge across up above our house where the\r\ntrain had went and they was a walk on the side of high bridge and our cow went up there and fell\r\nthrough it and got her leg hung and we had to get her out and Daddy just wouldn't let me go up\r\nthere. He was afraid them rotten boards would break through and they finally tore that big trestle\r\ndown.\r\n\r\nS - Did you ever get your cow out?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, we got her out but just one leg went through (218) and they went up there and got\r\nhere out. She tried to cross on the walkway on the side of it where the tracks went.\r\n\r\nS - Well, now did you go to school any at Wilder?\r\n\r\nB - No, we didn't stay over there that long and I came back and we moved back and I went to\r\nschool on Hazel Mountain.\r\n\r\nS - So, you started school on Hazel Mountain?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, and then we moved to Wilder during the summer. We was over there about five or six\r\nmonths and then we come back and I went to school but now they didn't have any school at\r\nWilder, not that I know of. When I was over there they was maybe a bus that picked up what\r\nchildren they was and they went to Clinchfield School.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, there was a school at Clinchfield?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. They was a school at Clinchfield. That's where they went to school. They was a\r\nschool at Wilder but it was closed down.\r\n\r\nS - By that time. Do you remember a lot ofitalians or were there Italians there?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, a lot of Greeks and Italian people. Yeah, in Wilder, and up here too.\r\n\r\nS - Do you remember any by the name Arancio?\r\n\r\nB - No.\r\n\r\nS - We found an old grave up on Hazel Mountain that's an Arancio from 1920. A little girl.\r\n\r\nB - They was a little girl buried up where we lived on Hazel Mountain. I'd go to the spring to get\r\nwater and at the far orchard this fence went up and I found a little cross somebody put in the\r\nground and had a little girl's name on it. I forgot who she was. I believe she was an Underhill.\r\nI'm not sure . I was just real small.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=886.0,1091.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - I think the Italians often were the brick masons or the masons anyway, building tunnels and\r\nthings like that, laying rock.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, they put a tunnel through, the railroad. The tunnel from Wilder going through and\r\nthen (253) this tunnel up here at West Dante goes through and comes out at Trammel.\r\n\r\nS - Goes through Trammel Gap.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, it's under Trammel Gap there.\r\n\r\nS - That's the longest one on the whole railroad line they said. Almost two miles long.\r\nBUTTRY:Mm-hm.\r\n\r\nS - It's really amazing the tunnel work they did around here.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Now did they used to all come in the store? All the different nationalities?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Was it hard to understand them?\r\n\r\nB - Sometimes you know, but the company give a lot of them different names. I mean when\r\nthey come after World War One. They brought them in here to work and some of them had hard\r\nnames. I remember Joe Taylor, he was Hungarian but the company officials, the president then,\r\nthey just give them new names, you know.\r\n\r\nS - Names that they could understand like Joe.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, Joe. Joe Taylor. They was Hontos and Swenskys, they was Polish people too here.\r\n\r\nS - The Sabos.\r\n\r\nB - The Sabos uh-huh. We call them Sabo but it's Seebo they call it I think. I went to school\r\nwith some of them. One of the girls, I don't remember her name now. Well Glenn, did he tell\r\nyou about the Sabos or Seebos?\r\n\r\nS - I met Ponnie Sabo.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, Ponnie played ball. He was second baseman for the team here in Dante. Yeah, I know\r\nPonnie well.\r\n\r\nS - And I met his wife Betty and her mother Elizabeth Gyetvay.(285)\r\n\r\nB - Gyetvay, now you see little Steve Gyetvay, when we was just young boys going to school\r\nwe had a band and I played a mandolin and Jack Burkett, he's dead now, he played a guitar and\r\nhe learned to play the mandolin too and I played the guitar too. We would just swap out. Steve,\r\nhe got killed in the war. We was fixin' to have a real band and he played the accordion and I\r\nmean he was good. He could play anything that you could play. I mean anything you wanted. If\r\nhe heard it, he could play it, you know. Steve. He got killed. Why, I hated it. I think about\r\nhim a lot all these years. He played with us. And then Roy Fields played the fiddle for us and\r\nWhitaker, he played the banjo. He was a preacher that lived up in Straight Hollow. I went to\r\nschool with him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=1091.0,1295.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Harry.\r\n\r\nB - Harry, yeah Harry. He died. Harry played the banjo for us and he had a brother that played\r\nthe fiddle too. Yeah, Harry. His wife was a Milhorn.\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, Lucille. I work with her a lot. Uh-huh.\r\n\r\nB - She had a sister that got killed in a car wreck. Did she tell you about that? They lived across\r\nthe creek up Straight Hollow. I remember when she laid corpse over there in a little house sort of\r\nup in the hollow. I was about seven years old when she got killed. So, that's been about sixtyeight\r\nyears aiso,\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, Lucille's from a big family 'cause her daddy was married twice. So, he had a lot of\r\nchildren from the first wife.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, well she had a brother played ball too, Dick.\r\n\r\nS - Right.\r\n\r\nB - He played, he was short stop. He played third base a lot.\r\n\r\nS - And did you play ball?\r\n\r\nB - A little bit. My dad wouldn't let me play much 'cause we lived on the mountain then and I\r\nwould have to come down here and I had so much work to do like cows to milk and hogs to feed\r\nand everything. It was so much that I would get to play maybe on Sunday but I didn't get to\r\npractice none through the week or nothing. So I didn't get to play very much.\r\n\r\nS - But it was something you enjoyed?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Well let's go back to your little school on Hazel Mountain for a minute. Tell me again about\r\nhow it was in two (333) different counties.\r\n\r\nB - Well, this side you're looking at now was in Russell County.\r\n\r\nS - We are looking at a picture of the school from the side.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, from the side. We would come up to the school and around up here and into the front\r\nright here. There's a wood house and a coal house right here.\r\n\r\nS - Just to the left of this picture?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. It was right in here and we'd go out during the break and the teacher would let us pick\r\nup wood and put in there you know. Stuff all over the school ground. It was big. It don't show\r\nthe wooded area but Lord, this was all woods down there when I was going to school and this\r\nbackside was in Dickenson County.\r\n\r\nS - So, it was right on the county line?\r\nBUTTRY:MM-hm.\r\n\r\nS - And you said each county supplied a teacher. Or paid the salary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=1295.0,1441.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B - Yeah, yeah. The first teacher I went to or the first year I went she was a Dickenson. I don't\r\nknow where she was from, Lebanon or over in Russell County and then she didn't teach no more\r\nand Ms. Quillen come and they furnished her a house up there right out from ours and she taught\r\nschool up there till I got through the fifth grade, and then they closed this sixth and seventh\r\ndown and I had to ride the bus to Ervinton after that.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, so you had to go into Dickenson County for that.\r\n\r\nB - I started in Ervinton in Sixth and Seventh and I went one year to high school over there and\r\nthen we moved back to Dante and I went to school down here then.\r\n\r\nS - Well, now at the school you had children from all over Hazel Mountain going there and\r\nChaney Creek?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, yeah, they used to be a school down Chaney Creek before you come out down at the\r\ngolf course on one of those stiff curves, before you make that last stiff curve down there, it was\r\nright over in the woods and down a little flat there. We used to go over there and play. They'd\r\nhave pie suppers and we'd go over there and those people, the kids would walk out of those\r\nhollows down there to the school up there. It was about halfway between and then there was\r\nhouses all up Chaney Creek up there you see and then which ever school you was closest to is\r\nwhere you went and I lived just three quarters of a mile from this school so that's where I had to\r\ngo.(378)\r\n\r\nS - Now was this school close to the top of the mountain here where you first turn to the right or\r\nwas it a way off?\r\n\r\nB - When you go to the top, you don't go towards Clinchco and you don't tum right on 616. You\r\ngo up to the tower. You know where the tower is?\r\n\r\nS - I know where the tower is.\r\n\r\nB - Just back this side of the tower there is a road that goes to Flat Spur and then you turn and go\r\ntowards the tower. That house that sets right up in there, that's where the school house was.\r\nBrick house.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, okay. Now that must have been close to the concrete marker. There's a concrete marker\r\nthere.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, yeah, that's where it was.\r\n\r\nS - I've not seen it but I've heard it's there, near Andy Phillips house.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, yeah. Well see the Andy Phillips house is on the right and the flag pole used to be\r\nthere and now when you get up there to the fork going to Flat Spur and then Andy Phillips is\r\nright there o!l the right. This brick house sets right straight in front of you up there.\r\n\r\nS - And that's where the school house was, where the brick house is now?\r\n\r\nB - School house set right there, mm-hm.\r\n\r\nS - Ok, and when you say the flag pole, did it used to have a flag sitting up on it, this concrete\r\nmarker or anything ?\r\n\r\nB - Well they called it but I never did see the flag or nothing but they always called it the flag\r\npole.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, I think way back in the beginning when they were surveying from mountain top to\r\nmountain top, they did have a flag sitting on top of that, way up high and a wooden tower so\r\nthey could see from another point on another mountain and I think that's how it got it's name.\r\n\r\nB - When we was going to school there was a spring out there and we had to carry water and they\r\nhad two springs and they'd say well go out to the flag pole and the spring was just down under\r\nthe bank from the flag pole there.( 414)\r\n\r\nS - But all you saw was a concrete marker? And you called it the flag pole.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah and that's what we called it, the flag pole.\r\n\r\nS - And it never had a flag on it that you knew.\r\n\r\nB - No, I never seen no flag.\r\n\r\nS - In fact, Gab Lewis talks about one up Cigarette Hollow. He said there used to be a flag pole\r\nup that way somewhere up there. So I don't know if it was a different one or if he walked all the\r\nway up until he got to the same one.\r\n\r\nB - I don't remember none up there but I remember this one on the mountain.\r\n\r\nS - Now tell me about the chestnut trees again.\r\n\r\nB - Well, you see just before you got to the school the road was just a little narrow road and it\r\nwasn't like it is now. It was a dirt road. There wasn't no hardtop roads or anything here. The\r\nonly hardtop road was right in Dante and most of that was brick you know. A lot of that was\r\nbrick.\r\n\r\nS - A brick road?\r\n\r\nB - Well they got brick roads some in Coeburn unless they've tore them out.\r\n\r\nS - Like cobblestone?\r\n\r\nB - Just square brick. Brick streets you know, but then they asphalted over them or hard topped\r\nover it. They didn't have asphalt back then, just tar and rubber.\r\n\r\nS - You remember when that would have been, when they would have asphalted?\r\n\r\nB - No, I don't. I remember all the time we lived on the mountain it was dirt road all the way\r\nuntil you got right into Dante.\r\n\r\nS - And most people walked didn't they?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.(446)\r\n\r\nS - They didn't have a car.\r\n\r\nB - No.\r\n\r\nS - They might have a horse?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Did you all have a horses?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, we had a horse that we rode and we had two mules. The company had two mules too.\r\nWe would ride them, you know.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, the company kept mules up there?\r\n\r\nB - They hauled the groceries from Dante with the mules to the mountain.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, in a wagon.\r\n\r\nB - And then this Frank Penland, his son married my sister, Clyde. We all lived up there and\r\nClyde's daddy would haul the groceries and then he'd haul coal too, you know to these houses\r\nwith a team of mules. That's what he did 'till they got trucks. Then the company bought two old\r\nDiamond T trucks back then and then they hauled groceries with one and coal with the other.\r\n\r\nS - So, when you needed to stock the little store up there, they would get it from Store B.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, down in Dante.\r\n\r\nS - Your dad would order what he needed.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah and Mr. Penland would go and get it you see. He'd take the wagon and mules and go\r\nget it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=1441.0,1625.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Now did they also have a way to deliver groceries from Store F?\r\n\r\nB - Well, they didn't deliver any groceries but Ritter Lumber Company cutting all this timber\r\nover in McClure and over there, and they had all these big Persian horses on the mountain and\r\nthey was stables up there where they'd pull these big logs out of the mountains with.\r\n\r\nS - Did they had stables near you where you lived?\r\n\r\nB - Back up on Flat Spur they had the stables around there and Mr. Penland would take a wagon\r\nload of feed for them horses everyday out there, about everyday. Horse and mule feed and stuff\r\nlike that. And he'd deliver that and sometimes (394) they'd bring their own wagon and get a load\r\nof feed for the horses.\r\n\r\nS - Did you ever watch the horses work?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. Mr. Ritter give me one of them horses but we couldn't keep him. When I was just\r\nlittle they was working in the mountains when a log come and broke its leg and they had feet that\r\nbig, the big Persian horses, the biggest feet.\r\n\r\nS - Almost like a foot across.\r\n\r\nB - And he brought that horse out there and we put it out in the pasture field. It could just barely\r\n... End of lA\r\n\r\n1B\r\n\r\nB - ... and then finally Daddy said they wasn't no way we could keep it 'cause it wasn't able to\r\nwork no more. Daddy let Mr. Rasnake have it and he took it. I guess he took it to the you know\r\nslaughter place and made dog food out of it.\r\n\r\nS - Was that sad for you?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, it was.\r\n\r\nS - So your dad had a farm down at Mew which was quite a distance for him to take care of.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, yeah. Well, we had share croppers living on it.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, okay, so they farmed it.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, they farmed it and we'd go and haul com and stuff to feed our stock on the mountain\r\nfrom down there you see. Com and hay and stuff. We just had pasture fields up here. We\r\ncouldn't raise enough stuff to feed our mules, horses and cows. We had two cows and hogs and\r\neverything and we'd go down there on the weekends and we had a pickup truck, my dad had.\r\nWe'd go and get a load of corn one week and then we'd go back and get hay and stuff to feed the\r\nstock with.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, now back to the chestnut trees for a minute. You were telling me a story about the\r\nIndians.(17)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=1625.0,1792.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B - Well my granddaddy told me ... See where the tower is, the main body of Indians lived right\r\nthere. That was where the tribe lived and down where I built my house up there is where the\r\nhunting party stayed. That's where all the flint was. Every time I'd plow my ground I'd get flint\r\nrock and everything.\r\n\r\nS - You'd find arrowheads?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. I got a spearhead, it's laying over there on the back porch with the point broke off of\r\nit. My granddaughter wanted to take it to school and show them. She's got a lot of this flint\r\nlaying out there on the back banisters. And they were two springs there. One right off in the\r\nhollow and then right around on the other side there was another spring and then on out the road\r\nin that next hollow there was a spring and that's where they prepared their food and they killed\r\nthe bear and deer. My granddaddy said that's what they did and he said those Indian women,\r\nthey were just filthy nasty. He said their fingernails were black you know where they worked. I\r\nmean they didn't have no soap or nothing to wash with, just maybe a little grease or something\r\nthey could clean their body with from those animals ...\r\n\r\nS - Now he would have known them? He would have seen them?\r\n\r\nB - Oh, yeah. He lived ... see they came in here from North Carolina, my grandfather and there\r\nwas nine boys and two girls. The two girls died.\r\n\r\nS - Is this on the Brooks side?\r\n\r\nB - The Brooks, yeah. And my great-grandfather come and settled at Clinchco, Moss, and then\r\nthey would come over here, up here in Bearwallow and they would kill a bear, Grandpa and his\r\nbrothers, some of them, and they cut those hickory poles and put bark across them and tie the\r\nbear on it and they could pull him, you know, pull the bear and go plumb back to Clinchco with\r\nit.\r\n\r\nS - Now are they on foot or on horseback or ...\r\n\r\nB - They're walking.\r\n\r\nS - They're walking and hauling this bear on sort of a makeshift sled.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, well see they cut a pole, a hickory pole. They won't break, they'll bend a lot you know,\r\nthey spring and then there was four or five of them and they'd take a time about, two a pulling it\r\nyou know.\r\n\r\nS - And of course the road then was just a track.(48)\r\n\r\nB - Just a path is all they had. One path led out here and they pull that.. .. (Phone call.)\r\n\r\nS - Okay. So we were talking about the Indians and how your granddaddy used to haul that bear\r\nacross. Now was Bearwallow known for having a lot of bears?\r\n\r\nB - That's where the bears wallowed up here where this water come out, where Number Three\r\nmines is.\r\n\r\nS - Okay so that's how it got it's name?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, they would ...\r\n\r\nS - They like wet places?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, I guess they did. Mud and everything you know but that's where they killed the bear\r\nand see they had a long ways up that mountain to drag it to the top but when they got on top it\r\nwas down hill all the way to Clinchco.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=1792.0,1985.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Yeah, they were probably chasing the bear at that point. He was going first.\r\n\r\nB - They was bear over there but Grandpa said you could get one easier over here. Plenty of\r\nthem over in this hollow.\r\n\r\nS - Now you were saying these chestnut trees were so big and they were hollow inside right?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. Well see one was in our yard on the mountain where our house ... Well they put the\r\nnew road in and tore all that down. But up there we put sticks across and our chickens roosted in\r\nit. That's how large it was.\r\n\r\nS - So, that was you chicken house.\r\n\r\nB - Well, one of them, and we had another one on the other side of the house, but a lot of our\r\nchickens roosted right out there in that chestnut tree. We'd take old broom handles and put 'em\r\nup in there, you know, and they'd roost on 'em.\r\n\r\nS - And sometimes you'd hide in them?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, sometimes I'd get up in there and set. Before we put the chickens in there I'd get up in\r\nthere and set. They was a huge rock, oh, it was the hugest thing and the chestnut tree was right\r\nbehind it and you'd crawl upon that rock and right in the chestnut tree. I'd say Indians lived in it\r\ntoo one time 'cause just right out from there was where the hunting party stayed. Just about twotenths\r\nof a mile around there so they was all over that mountain.(72)\r\n\r\nS - I bet that rock is still there.\r\n\r\nB - No, they put the new road through there.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, they put the new road through there and pushed it away.\r\n\r\nB - See where our house was the road went up on the Dante side and now they've changed it and\r\nput it up on Trammel side towards that side.\r\n\r\nS - It's on the Dickenson County side.\r\n\r\nB - Dickenson County side. It was up on the Russell County side. See our house was right on\r\nthe line too. Upstairs was in Russell County and the downstairs part, it was sort of like a split\r\nlevel, and it was in Dickenson County and upstairs where we slept, the four bedrooms up there\r\nwas all in Russell County and see when we went off the back porch into the kitchen then we had\r\na cellar where we kept everything and it was underground. Well when we went out that door and\r\nwe went down and it was made out of rock and then we had a room off of it we kept our apples\r\nand potatoes and stuff and it never did freeze in there, nothing did. Our dairy, we called it was\r\noff the kitchen. You didn't have to go outside or nothing.\r\n\r\nS - And it kept everything?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Now what kinds of chores did you have growing up? You must have helped a lot outside.\r\n\r\nB - Well when I was about nine years old, I had to take over milking two cows and feeding the\r\nhogs and getting wood and coal and we had a well at the time. We didn't have to carry water but\r\nwhen the mines sunk all the water then we had to go to the spring and get it. Finally the springs\r\nwent dry and we had to haul the water from down here.\r\n\r\nS - From down here in Dante?\r\n\r\nB - Dante, yeah we had to come down here to get it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=1985.0,2154.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Well now how did you happen to have a well? Was that hand dug?\r\n\r\nB - No, it had been drilled because we had a big crank and we'd let the well bucket down and\r\nthen it would fill up and we'd just crank it back up and when it would come up the top we'd just\r\npick it up and it had a hook on it and you'd just hook it here and then you'd set your bucket on it\r\nand mash th~t and it would go onto your bucket and then you'd take it on to the house and(99) let\r\nwell bucket hang up there. It was round, about so big around.\r\n\r\nS - On a rope?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, on a rope and then it had a lever on top. When you put it over your bucket it would just\r\ntrip it and you could let as much water out of it as you wanted to. Maybe get two buckets out of\r\none well bucket. It was according to how big your well bucket was but that's where Mommy got\r\nher wash water and after the mines sunk all the water, we had to put water rain barrels at the\r\nhouse and that's how we got water to wash with. Then our drinking water we had to get it from\r\nthe spring and when the spring went dry we had to come down here and get our drinking water.\r\n\r\nS - Well back then when the mining sunk the water supplies did the company help in any way to\r\nget you water?\r\n\r\nB - No, they wasn't no water up there. Eve1ybody had their own well.\r\n\r\nS - But you were living on company property?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, but there wasn't nothing we could do about that.\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, and they didn't help in any way?\r\n\r\nB - No, they wasn't no way they could put water up there.\r\n\r\nS - But they couldn't haul you water up there or they didn't, any way.\r\n\r\nB - No, we had big five gallon buckets, cans, and we'd come once or twice a week down here\r\nand get maybe twenty-five to thirty gallons we used to drink and wash with. But if we had rain\r\nwater out of the rain barrel we'd wash and take a bath in it.\r\n\r\nS - Well now did you get it, at the store or where did you get it down here when you came to\r\nDante?\r\n\r\nB - Well they had these pumps. There was one right up here.\r\n\r\nS - Okay, anybody's yard?\r\n\r\nB - And then down here where you go up Roanoke Hill there was another pump there and up\r\nhere, right up here, this house and then up there at before you turn up the steep part of the\r\nmountain they had a big pump up there you see. You hand pumped them is how you pumped\r\nthem to get our water.\r\n\r\nS - So woul,d that be one of your jobs to go and get the(l25) water?\r\n\r\nB - Well I wasn't old enough to drive but when Daddy would close the store of the evening he'd\r\nsay well get the cans and let's go. We're going to get some water to have drinking water and\r\nwater to use. Mommy used out of the rain barrels. If there was rain we had plenty but if it didn't\r\nrain we'd have to haul our wash water too, to wash clothes. We didn't have no bathroom. We\r\nhad outside place, toilet.\r\n\r\nS - Did you have a sink in the kitchen?\r\n\r\nB - No, Mommy would wash the dishes in a dishpan. Yeah, and heated it on a cook stove.\r\n\r\nS - And just throw the wash water outside.\r\n\r\nB - Well, we'd put in the hog bucket for slop. 'Cause it had grease in it and they'd eat anything.\r\nHogs are like humans, it would eat anything, won't they?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=2154.0,2347.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - So nothing is wasted.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Well now how'd did you find time to go to school?\r\n\r\nB - Well, see when I got up at five- thirty every morning and done my work and then the bus\r\ncome by about seven-thirty or fifteen 'till eight and I'd ride to Ervinton and come back that\r\nevening when school was out. They let school out about three and well, I'd be home by four\r\no'clock. Well then I'd do my work and in the winter time I had it rough. I had a little lantern, a\r\nsmall lantern, an oil lantern and Daddy had a big one and he'd go with me to milk and help me in\r\nthe winter time but in the summer time I didn't have no problem 'cause after school was out I\r\ncould get it all done pretty quick, to get to play you know.\r\n\r\nS - Well, was education important in your family?\r\n\r\nB - Well, it was with my father. My mother, she didn't care whether we went to school or not.\r\nI mean she just went to seventh grade and she said well children don't need to go to school after\r\nseventh grade . Said it won't help you none. She said she learnt it all but Daddy made us go right\r\non.(154) 'Cause he went to high school you know and he finished over at Cleveland but my\r\nmother she ... seventh grade was as far as she went. She said I need you'all here to help me. They\r\ngot enough education. Daddy says no, they're going to school.\r\n\r\nS - Now at what point did you move down to Dante?\r\n\r\nB - Well, I guess it was in the .... Let's see, let me think just a minute.\r\n\r\nS - You hadn't quite finished high school.\r\n\r\nB - I was sev\"enteen. Yeah, I was seventeen years old in about thirty-nine. Would that have been\r\nabout thirty-nine ?\r\n\r\nS - Let's see. Yeah, thirty-nine or forty. You were born in twenty-three and then you had your\r\nlast year of school in Dante.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, right down here. See we just went to the eleventh grade. We didn't have twelfth like\r\nthey do now. See there is so much more to learn. When I was going to school Hoover was\r\npresident. Look how many they's been since then, and Roosevelt come along about the time I\r\nthink he was elected. When I went in the air force he was still president.\r\n\r\nS - He lasted a long time didn't he?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, I believe he went three terms and was elected the fourth term and went one year on it\r\nand it was thirteen years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=2347.0,2518.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Yeah ... well, now during the Depression you spent most of that time up on the mountain I\r\nguess.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, uh-huh.\r\n\r\nS - Do you remember any difference? People having a hard time, struggling.\r\n\r\nB - Well, everybody had plenty to eat.\r\n\r\nS - 'Cause they all were raising gardens.\r\n\r\nB - Raising stuff and having all kinds of stuff, hogs and kill a beef. Sometimes Mr. Penland and\r\nDaddy would have a beef and we would kill it and we'd take half of it and he'd take half of it.\r\nThat would be enough beef to do us and then we killed two hogs every year. Mommy would\r\nmake hog lard and she'd render the lard out so we had plenty oflard and we raised our own\r\npotatoes and we'd put them in a hole and put some back in that place off the dairy and had our\r\napples and stuff like that we'd have all(l 89) winter long.\r\n\r\nS - So nobody went hungry?\r\n\r\nB - No, I never was hungry a day in my life.\r\n\r\nS - But now at a certain point business must have fallen off at the store where people weren't\r\nable to come. They didn't have as much work in the coal mines I know.\r\n\r\nB - Well, back then seemed like everybody was loading coal by hand and everybody worked.\r\nThey wasn't making much money but it didn't take much to live on. My grandfather see, he\r\nlived with us and he worked on the WP A for a dollar and a dime a day, wasn't it?\r\n\r\nS - Was it?'\r\n\r\nB - That's what they made, a dollar and a dime.\r\n\r\nS - A dollar and a dime and what kind of project was he working on?\r\n\r\nB - He was working on the road up there. They'd just pick and shovel you know.\r\n\r\nS - The road on Hazel Mountain or the road going down to ...\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, all of them. They'd just clean ditches and stuff like that and I said, the WPA said\" we\r\npiddle around\". (Laughs.) That's all they done was piddle around 'cause they'd be leaning on\r\nthe shovel. They didn't have pay loaders and stuff like now. They had these old graders that they\r\npulled by a truck. Them old trucks and they had wheels that they lower the blade and clean the\r\nditches out and then they'd come along and shovel fr up in wheel barrels and roll it over the hill\r\nyou know out of the ditches where the ditch filled up. Grandpa, he worked right there at the\r\nhouse for weeks at a time, and when dinner time come, he didn't take it, and he'd just come up\r\nto the house and eat and then right back down, just about as far as from here to across the road\r\nthere to where he was working.\r\n\r\nS - Well he wasn't a real young man when he was working?\r\n\r\nB - No, he was real old.\r\n\r\nS - For pick and shovel work, that's pretty hard.\r\n\r\nB - Oh, I'd say he was in his sixties back then.\r\n\r\nS - That's kind of hard for a fellow in your sixties to do that.(221)\r\n\r\nB - See they didn't have no social security or nothing back then but when they got old enough\r\nthey got the old age pension which was about thirty dollars a month. I think that's what grandpa\r\ngot after, him and grandma together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=2518.0,2705.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - That was before social security?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Did that come through the county or the state or how did that come?\r\n\r\nB - Well the WPA. What does that WPA stand for?\r\n\r\nS - Works Progress Administration.\r\n\r\nB - That's who paid that, the government I guess.\r\n\r\nS - So the federal government paid that 'till they set up social security.\r\n\r\nB - They had the NRA back then too, but now it's the National Rifle Association but the NRA\r\nwas the National.. .. What did that stand for?\r\n\r\nS - Recovery Act. Yeah.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, National Recovery Act. They had that. I had forgot, it had been so long since I had\r\nremembered that.\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, all those initials. Well I know they had a sewing room over in West Dante which was\r\na WPA sewing room, Carter Phillips got it started over there.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, Carter Phillips was up there, yeah. Atthe old store. I used to go up there and buy\r\nmarbles from them. They didn't have them down here at this store but he kept them. All them\r\naggies and I'd take and get me a nickel or dime and go up there and get me a bag of marbles.\r\n\r\nS - Well, were you a good marble shooter?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, when I went into the service I had fruit jars full and after I come back I didn't have\r\nnone, my brother lost them 'cause he thought he could shoot.\r\n\r\nS - And he lost all your marbles.\r\n\r\nB - Lost them all. (243) Yeah, I was a dead shot with marbles. That's all I done when I'd get a\r\nchance. Both knees wore out and poor Mommy would put them patches. Take the pocket off and\r\npatch the knee with it.\r\n\r\nS - I'm going to shut the door. I think we've got the concrete truck out there. That'll keep a little\r\nof the noise out. Well, Jerald, do you know where Hazel got it's name? Do you have any idea?\r\n\r\nB - Well it started out as Flint Gap. That's what that was.\r\n\r\nS - 'Cause of all the Indians and everything?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, Flint Gap. That's where everybody went hunting for flint and they called it Flint Gap\r\nand Dante was Turkey Foot. And the Hazel Mountain, I don't know how Hazel got it's name.\r\n\r\nS - It must have been named for some woman.\r\n\r\nB - It probably was.\r\n\r\nS - I guess ~omebody's wife I reckon.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, maybe Hazel, I don't know.\r\n\r\nS - Maybe one of the coal operators.\r\n\r\nB - See now that store wasn't built by Clinchfield. Somebody owned that store, the name was on\r\nthe safe but I forgot what it was. The safe was in the store and the post office was in there too.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, so there was a post office?\r\n\r\nB - My mother run the post office, you know.\r\n\r\nS - Really, so she was a post mistress.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, up there and I think she got about twenty-seven dollars a month running the post\r\noffice, and the company bought that store and the house from whoever built it years ago back\r\nbefore the Clinchfield even started in here, that store was up there.\r\n\r\nS - Well, I'll tell you, I know that before Clinchfield owned the Dante area, Dawson Coal and\r\nCoke owned it, and before them it was(279) Tazewell Coal. So Dawson is the one that really\r\nstarted the mining around here.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, Dawson was but I didn't know that.\r\n\r\nS - And they're the ones that named it cause there was a Mr. Dante who was secretary of the\r\ncompany and it was named for him.\r\n\r\nB - Hmm, Dante. I never did know how it got it's name.\r\n\r\nS - Uh-huh, it was named for that fellow and I don't know that he ever lived here but he had\r\nbusiness here and he helped get it started. They sold out to Clinchfield so maybe they owned up\r\nthere, too. It's possible.\r\n\r\nB - Well, my grand daddy told me that there was trading post, an old log trading post there\r\nwhere the old hotel was. You got a picture of that old hotel?\r\n\r\nS - Yes I do.\r\n\r\nB - Right where the old hotel set before the company or whoever built it, they was a log trading\r\npost in that area right there and that's where they'd come to get stuff. And they'd have to go all\r\nthe way to Saltville to get their salt, Grandpa would , all the way from Clinchco, they'd be gone\r\nabout thirty days to get salt. They couldn't go across the river if it was up. They had to wait 'till\r\nthe river was down to cross with their team of mules. Mules what he had, grandpa had a mule\r\nthey did, IDY, great-grandfather. They crossed down there somewhere near St. Paul before you get\r\nto the falls there the rocks had built up, it was sort of shallow water in there you know. That's\r\nwhere they crossed.\r\n\r\nS - They were really pioneers weren't they?\r\n\r\nB - Mm-hm.\r\n\r\nS - Way back then.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - So you came down here and we figured in about 1939 or so.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Do you remember any talk about the union tryfng to come in in the Thirties?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, well see we lived on the mountain. They wouldn't let me out of the house after dark.\r\nThey had these A Model Fords, coupes and they was white, and that mountain was covered up\r\nand down(Three12) the road and there was people blowing up transformers and everything. The\r\nstate police were all over here. Then after we moved to Dante ... they wasn't organized when I\r\nleft and went into the service but when I come back in '46 ... I left in '42 and I come back in '46,\r\nthey had organized during the time I was gone.\r\n\r\nS - But now back in the Thirties when you were talking about back on Hazel Mountain all these\r\ncars were up there and they were blowing things up.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, we had a ... I've got the radio back here now. We had a short wave radio but it has got\r\na tube down in it. It's one of those Crosby's and we listened to police calls on that where they'd\r\nbe talking, you know.\r\n\r\nS - So the police would be out in their cars? What kind of cars would the police drive?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, they had those little A Model Fords looked like with a rumble seat on them. Little\r\nwhite ones. They was just a coupe like. Coupes, you know.\r\n\r\nS - Would they have a light that flashed or something?\r\n\r\nB - I don't think so. They had sirens but I don't think they had no light. Yeah, once in a while\r\nyou'd hear them blowing the siren to pull somebody down or check on something but I don't\r\nremember any ... They might have had a red light on them but I don't remember.\r\n\r\nS - Now when you say they were blowing up the transformer where would that have been?\r\n\r\nB - That would have been down next to Trammel where the main power was. They was\r\nguarding th~m, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=2705.0,2881.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - The main power for the plant, for the mines?\r\n\r\nB - The mines.\r\n\r\nS - It was at Trammel?\r\n\r\nB - It was down Coon Branch. That's the substation see, down there.\r\n\r\nS - Now is that the one you see when you come down the mountain and it's on the left where\r\nthere's a big substation or power plant down there ?\r\n\r\nB - Well now is it way on down next to Trammel? S349)\r\n\r\nS - Mm-hm.\r\n\r\nB - Now up here at Coon Branch where the substation, it's tore down now. Where the dead\r\nman's curve was, go around them houses down there. There's some houses in the bend. Well\r\nthe substation stood right in that little hollow there off to the left down there. You can see the\r\nconcrete part where it sat and that's where the substation was and then they guarded that.\r\n\r\nS - And that provided the power for. ..\r\n\r\nB - To the mines.\r\n\r\nS - All the mines?\r\n\r\nB - Well, I don't know. I think so.\r\n\r\nS - Some of them? I know there's a substation up here now on the right just before you get to\r\nthe top of the mountain and I thought maybe it had some power but maybe that was later.\r\n\r\nB - Now this one over there, it served the power to the Number Two and for all these mines\r\naround here. But Clinchco, they had their own substation.\r\n\r\nS - Separate, right.\r\n\r\nB - And then they had their own substation at Wilder but when it shut down they tore all that out.\r\n\r\nS - Right. Would they actually generate the power there?\r\n\r\nB - Well they would.... They had those big you know turbo things and they would use, what is\r\nit ? You col!ldn't hardly hear yourself talk when they was running you know.\r\n\r\nS - Was that water powered or coal fired?\r\n\r\nB - No, it wasn't coal.\r\n\r\nS - It must have been water then.\r\n\r\nB - Must have been. I don't know how they powered that. I was just small but I remember\r\nhearing them things running. It might have been coming from somewhere else and that might\r\nhave been just the distributing place for it there. (383) They might have been getting it in off of\r\na line you know, and putting it down to the voltage that they needed for the mines you see.\r\n'Cause they had 6600 on them lines and some of them had 88,000 on them.\r\n\r\nS - Well, now did you have power up on Hazel Mountain?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, we was the only people that had lights:\r\n\r\nS - Oh. You were special !\r\n\r\nB - Yeah ! In the store and in the house. Yeah, didn't nobody else have power up there but us.\r\nDaddy run the store and the store had electric lights and we had electric lights. Everybody else's\r\nhouse used lamps but we had lamps too because every time the least little thing would happen it\r\nwould kick them breakers and we wouldn't have no power so we would have to fire up, you\r\nknow, our oil lamps.\r\n\r\nS - Now would you have breakers or fuses?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=2881.0,3053.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B - Well the transformer might have been fuses because they'd have to call down here and tell\r\nthem that the power was off up there and they'd come and get up on there and they was four poles\r\nand they was a ladder that went up to a big platform and that's where all of their stuff was and the\r\nelectricians come and put the power back on for us and sometimes if it was bad weather and\r\nsnow ... one time it drifted snow plumb up over our house up there.\r\n\r\nS - That high?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - It was a two-story house.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, it was twenty foot deep in places. You couldn't even see the roads. Just barely see the\r\ntress, and the whole mountain was covered up. You know one time it was seven days before I\r\nseen anybody besides my family. We couldn't get out of the house. We just had enough stuff to\r\neat and stuff and our cow got underneath the old feed house and we couldn't get to her to milk\r\nher. Liked to have never got to her. Couldn't shovel snow, didn't have no where to shovel.\r\nMommy wo~ld just go out and open the kitchen door and take a big ole thing and get a dish pan\r\nfull of snow and take it into the house and melt it and that's where we'd get our water to drink\r\nand everything.\r\n\r\nS - And you had enough coal and wood to bring in?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, I always kept, and when that snow got so deep it didn't take much to heat the house\r\n'cause there wasn't much air (432) coming through that. It was insulation you see. It was like\r\nbeing in a tunnel or a mine or something cause ...\r\n\r\nS - How old would you have been then?\r\n\r\nB - I was about nine.\r\n\r\nS - About nine, so it was in the early Thirties.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah.\r\n\r\nS - Yeah, gosh. It must have seemed like the end of the world.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, we couldn't even go to the bathroom. I mean to the toilet outside. We had ajar thing\r\nwe used and we used it and throwed it out the upstairs window you know 'cause we couldn't take\r\nit out down stairs 'cause of the snow.\r\n\r\nS - It must have taking a long time to melt down?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, it did. It was seven days before I seen anybody. First person I seen was Roy Ervin. He\r\nwas a timberman. I heard old car a' coming and I could tell the sound of what kind of car it was\r\nand I said here comes Roy in that old Plymouth, about a 30 model Plymouth, somewhere in\r\nthere, a' coming up through there and he was the first person I seen in seven days besides my\r\nown family.\r\n\r\nS - You were glad to see him weren't you?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah. They finally got the road clear. See they didn't have nothing to clear the roads with.\r\nTrucks pulled those scrapers and if the snow was deep the trucks couldn't pull it. Wasn't no way\r\nthey could do it. Had one of them ole pull scrapers that was setting on the slate dump and some\r\nboy come and got it and took it over on Gravel Lick. They had just abandoned it and he went\r\nand got it. It had wheels on it and (unclear) you know to operate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=3053.0,3241.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134/transcript/34832/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S - Well, so you finished up school and at that point what did you do?\r\n\r\n\r\nB - I went to work for Clinchfield. I went to work on Ten Percent, unloading supplies, taking up\r\nto Ten Perc,,mt. They had a cable car over at Number Two and then I went back, they called me\r\nto the tipple to work and then when I left ( 480) there I went into the service.\r\n\r\nS - Now explain how the cable car worked. In Ten Percent you had a rail road track that ran up\r\nto the tipple?\r\n\r\nB - See, the cars backed up to a loading dock here and then they let this car down on a cable and\r\nwe'd put powder and caps and (unclear) and ties and timbers and everything. They hauled it up\r\nto Ten Percent, and you had a stick with a piece of wire on it, naked wire and it had these two\r\nlines along the Ten Percent and if you wanted to stop you hit it twice and the man up there that\r\nrun the cable would stop it.\r\n\r\nS - Would you hear that or feel it?\r\n\r\nB - Well, it would make a light come on.\r\n\r\nS - Oh, I see. It would make a connection.\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, made the light come on up there and if it flashed once meant stop and two meant to go,\r\nyou know.\r\n\r\nS - Now was the cable car big enough for someone to ride up and down with it?\r\n\r\nB - Yeah, I rode it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131134#t=3241.0,3336.82008"}]}]},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 0538_011.mp3"]},"duration":2072.71742,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-archivesofappalachia.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/131/185/original/0538_011.mp3?1639050532","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2072.71742,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Tape 11 transcript (0538_011) [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jerald Buttry - ... Then see the car he was holding, it would come back down Ten Percent and he wouldn't\r\njump off and stayed on there and froze on there and when he got to the dead man where ties cross\r\nthe track he hit that and throwed him against the back of the railroad car and killed him.\r\n\r\nKathy Shearer - Do you remember who that was?\r\n\r\nB -  I believe he might have been ... It wasn't a Sabo or Honto. He was a Hungarian boy but I can't\r\nremember his name. Glenn might remember him getting killed 'cause we was about the same\r\nage.\r\n\r\nS -  Well now would these supplies then be put on a car going to the mines?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. Well see ifwe got it up there we'd unload it off of this cable car and put it in mining\r\ncars you see and ifwe had powder and caps ... they had a powder house ... and we'd take the\r\npowder and put it in the powder house. Where we shot coal you know. Then we'd take the caps\r\nand put them in another house out from it you know.(14)\r\n\r\nS -  So the caps were kept separate from the powder?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, mm-hm.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you like that kind of work pretty much?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, it was alright. It was just something when you got out of school. I bought me an old\r\ncar and I was just making, let's see, $2.40 a day, thirty cents an hour.\r\n\r\nS -  What was your first car? What did you buy?\r\n\r\nB -  Thirty-eight Chevrolet.\r\n\r\nS -  Where did you get it?\r\n\r\nB -  I bought it from W. A. Turner, he was a Chevrolet dealer. He used to be in Dante and then\r\nhe went to St. Paul down there where the Big M fa, is where he had his, and I bought it from\r\nhim.\r\n\r\nS -  So there was a Dante automobile dealer at one time?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. W. A. Turner was his name. He sold Chevrolets.\r\n\r\nS -  Where was that in Dante?\r\n\r\nB -  Well it was ... you know where the Beer Garden is?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nB -  Well, it was right around there where the old block building is. It was right in there.\r\n\r\nS -  So it was pretty special to have a car, wasn't it?\r\n\r\nB -  Now, see he worked for Clinchfield too. He was a chauffeur for Mr. Long and he got the\r\nfranchise some way to sell cars, so he'd sell cars on the side, you know.\r\n\r\nS -  So they had new cars and used cars too?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. I bought this old Thirty-eight Chevrolet. Well, what it was, this boy come out of\r\nOhio and I was working and he had an A- Model Ford. It was a two seater, a four door, A Model,\r\nold green. Claude Kiser, he went to Ohio to work. He was older, a lot older than me and come\r\nback and says Claude, said I'm going to sell this old car and I'm going to go back on the bus and\r\nI said, how much do you want for it ? And he said I'll take fifty dollars for it and I said well I'll\r\nsee if Mommy will let me get it and I went and bought it, and then I traded it to W. A. Turner on\r\nthat Thirty-ei_ght Chevrolet. I had to pay I believe it was $265 for it.( 41)\r\n\r\nS -  Did you drive the Model A at all?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I drove but I didn't have no tags or nothing on it. No drivers license but I'd drive it\r\neverywhere. Finally I went and got my drivers license and then when I traded for that Chevrolet I\r\ngot my tags. I believe tags was $5 but you didn't have to have no insurance back then.\r\n\r\nS -  But you did have to have a learners or drivers permit?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, yeah they cost 50 cents.\r\n30\r\n\r\nS -  Fifty cents. Where did you go to get them back then?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, you could go to Lebanon to get them or you could go to Norton. They had a State\r\nPolice Station out there but now you had to go at a certain time. They didn't do it everyday. They\r\nhad one week they'd be out there and one week they be in Clintwood and the next week they'd be\r\nin Lebanon. You'd just have to find it. I got mine in Norton. My drivers license.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you have to take a driving test?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. They give us a written test and me and my buddy both went to Norton and he failed it\r\nand he had to wait for the next time to come to Lebanon to come and get it and they give him a\r\nbook to study. I had already studied my book and he said I know all that stuff, said I don't have\r\nto study. I looked at him and I said well that's a pretty tough place, I bet ya, and we went and I\r\npassed mine and he failed. (Laughs.) He said boy I wished I had listened to you and studied that\r\nbook.\r\n\r\nS -  Well now when you were working on Ten Percent you were living at home then? Where\r\nwas the house that you lived in, in Dante then?\r\n\r\nB -  It was the eleventh house ... you know where you go up Roanoke Hill?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nB -  The eleventh house right where my mother and daddy lived.\r\n\r\nS -  On Roanoke Hill?\r\n\r\nB -  No, go on up.\r\n\r\nS -  On Bearwallow?\r\n\r\nB -  Bearwallow on up where you turn up to Roanoke Hill, it was on up the eleventh house up\r\nthis way that's where I lived when I come back.(65)\r\n\r\nS -  And your dad worked down at Store B then?\r\n\r\nB -  He worked at Store B they shut the store down on the mountain.\r\n\r\nS -  What did he do at Store B?\r\n\r\nB -  He was the manager, grocery manager.\r\n\r\nS -  Did he like it down there?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, he loved store work, that was his life.\r\n\r\nS -  But didn't he miss his big farm back up there on the mountain?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, the company owned that land up there but now the one we had down at Mew, he sold\r\nit during the war sometime while I was in the service.\r\n\r\nS -  So you worked on the cable car for a while and then they moved you to the tipple?\r\n\r\nB -  The tipple, yeah. A pickin' slate, I was pickin' slate there.\r\n\r\nS -  That's hard work?\r\n\r\nB -  Off the markus you know. They didn't have no washers to wash the coal then. You had to get\r\nthat rock out and put it in the trough by hand you know.\r\n\r\nS -  By hand. Now you're wearing gloves?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I would wear a pair of gloves out about two or three pair a week.\r\n\r\nS -  Now what did you say, on the markers?\r\n\r\nB -  Markus. See, the shakers that graded the coal - egg, lump, and that -all this would come\r\nthrough, they had all kinds of slate pickers. Had on the big lump, and I was on the egg. And when\r\nyou got the slate out of there before it went off into the railroad car, you went in another shaker\r\nthat was tied on to this one with a trough in it and it went into the refuge, you see. Wasn't no\r\nbelts.\r\n\r\nS -  So you're tossing this slate up into it.\r\n\r\nB -  The shaker was shaking the coal and you was getting the slate and then there was a trough\r\nabout so big made out of metal that went on beyond that and you just went off into a big ... (85)\r\n\r\nS -  And it's above the coal?\r\n\r\nB -  And it's above the coal.\r\n\r\nS -  So you're tossing that slate up in there.\r\n\r\nB -  Up in there and just picking it up and throwing it up in there you know and it goes out into a\r\nslate bin out there and they have a trolley car that had a big hopper on top of it that took it out on\r\nthe slate dump and it'd just dump it over the side and come back and get him another load you\r\nsee. I worked on that a while.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=0.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  Now you said a marker or markus?\r\n\r\nB -  Markus.\r\n\r\nS -  Markus. Now what is that?\r\n\r\nB -  A markus is a shaker that shakes the coal.\r\n\r\nS -  Is that m-a-r-k-u-s?\r\n\r\nB -  I guess that's how you spell it.\r\n\r\nS -  'Cause I heard Thennon Sproles use that word.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, markus. Thermon, yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  He would have been on the tipple.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I worked with Therm on.\r\n\r\nS -  I think he spent almost his whole career working at the tipple.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, his daddy worked there. He got hurt. A car run away and they had them old type cars\r\nthat didn't have the brakes. Had a brake stick to tie them up with the stem stuck up this a' way,\r\nthe wheel, and it run away and hit too hard down there and he couldn't get off. I think it broke\r\nhis hip and messed him up. Did he tell you about his daddy getting hurt?\r\n\r\nS -  No, huh-uh.\r\n\r\nB -  I worked right there at the tipple and that's where they was transferring me off of Ten Percent\r\ndown there and I stayed there till I went into the service.(103)\r\n\r\nS -  Did you? Did you like working at the tipple?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I iiked it. Well, I come back and went back to work there and then I went to the\r\nmines. I come back on third shift and they cut it off and went into the mines and then they took\r\nme out of the mines and put me over the coal yards. Contract coal, that's all the truck coal you\r\nknow. We supplied all the schools. I had Grayson County, Carroll County, Russell County,\r\nSmyth County, Bland County, Pulaski County, and Scott County and Washington County,\r\nDickenson County, Wise. They was everywhere. I even furnished coal to Appalachian State\r\nUniversity. It was called Appalachian State Teachers College.\r\n\r\nS -  Down in Boone?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, Boone. They hauled it with tractor trailers and trucks and you see down there they\r\ndon't have no railroads come into Boone. Back then they didn't but they do now though. They\r\nhad to truck everything in down there and they generated, that college generated all the electricity\r\nfor Boone.\r\n\r\nS -  Oh, so you were responsible for driving the coal?\r\n\r\nB -  No, I was selling it to them, contracting.\r\n\r\nS -  Oh, selling it. But you were working for the company?\r\n\r\nB -  Company, yeah I was writing contracts for the anybody that needed coal. They'd come and\r\nwe'd write them a contract.\r\n\r\nS -  So these would be all the local purchasers.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Different from shipping it by rail.\r\n\r\nB -  Oh, yeah. See, we had a contractor that hauled coal for us if the schools couldn't haul it. Pet\r\nMilk in Abingdon and that Surgoinsville College down there. We had to furnish their coal but we\r\nhad to deliver it. But Bascom Salyers had a fleet of trucks and he hauled for us, see.\r\n\r\nS -  So they would come to you to purchase ...\r\n\r\nB -  We'd collect the haulage too, everything. They paid the whole thing and then the company\r\npaid him for hauling it but we'd collect from the customers you know. If they couldn't haul their\r\nown coal we'd haul it.\r\n\r\nS -  Where was the coal yard?(l35)\r\n\r\nB -  Well one was right below Dante here where this dock is. That was one and they had one\r\nover at Wild.er right below Moss Two.\r\n\r\nS -  So they had one at Wilder?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, that was where I was at after I left down here. They opened that up over there after\r\nthey shut Number Two and all these mines over here and then everything come from the shaft\r\nthen over there at Moss Three and then that's when I went over there.\r\n\r\nS -  Now the one below Dante, was it before you get to Spark Track?\r\n\r\nB -  No, it's on down there. You know where you get to Sun?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nB -  You know where that little church is down there?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nB -  Just before you get over there, on the right there. That's where it was. That's where the coal\r\nyard was.\r\n\r\nS -  Would they bring it down there on the train?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, and we'd unload it out of the railroad cars.\r\n\r\nS -  And unload it right there. So you had an office there?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. I had a scale house, not an office, a scale house.\r\n\r\nS -  Where you would weigh it?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Now what grade coal would this be?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, we sold stoker. Sold egg coal and then they called it a chunk coal, come out about\r\nthree by nine. And the egg coal was three by seven and then we had a nut coal, two by three, and\r\nthen the stoker, a three-eight by one.\r\n\r\nS -  Now when you're saying two by three, you're talking about inches?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  That's pretty small. What was the nut coal used for?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, people used it in cook stoves you know and this bigger coal they used in bigger stoves\r\nto heat with and the big lump coal they used in fireplaces and in furnaces.\r\n\r\nS -  In furnaces? Furnaces could use the big lump?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, well the furnace door is bigger and you can get a lump in them big as that right there\r\nor bigger and maybe half as big as these pictures and we sold lump coal. A lot of people, these\r\nfarmers liked that lump coal. Then they could bust it up to any size they wanted. Take a pick. If\r\nyou use a hammer you just make slack out of it, dust, but you can take a sharp pick and just\r\nbreak it any way you want to. Just like breaking ice.\r\n\r\nS -  Right. I've seen people's coal piles out in the back yard. Used to see them.\r\n\r\nB -  That's where ours was up on the mountain. We got the big lump coal.\r\n\r\nS -  And just break off what you need.\r\n\r\nB -  I'd get the ax and start a'beatin' and Daddy would come a' running. Gerald, he said, you get\r\nthat pick ! I could hit a big lump with a ax hard and it would bust all to pieces and I didn't care\r\nif it was fine or what . I could throw it on the grate or I'd put it in the cook stove and bum it but\r\nhe didn't want it. He wanted me to take that pick and beat it up.\r\n\r\nS -  Now what's the difference? Why did he not want you to use the ax?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, that slack coal, you lose a lot ofit. Where you beat it up, it flies everywhere.\r\n\r\nS -  So you're wasting it that way.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. (Chuckles.)\r\n\r\nS -  But with a pick?\r\n\r\nB -  No, it just breaks it in two. It's like breaking ice with an ice pick.(174)\r\n\r\nS -  So it's better. It's neater. But you were in a hurry?\r\n\r\nB -  Oh, yeah. I was wanting to get me a bucket full pretty quick.\r\n\r\nS -  Now down at the coal yard could an individual come and get their own house coal that way?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, anybody. The employees, we served the employees coal too. They could get their coal\r\nand we had a man contracted to deliver if they didn't have a way to get their coal then Bud\r\nBuckles, he would deliver it to them. A lot of them had a pickup truck to come and get their\r\nown coal.\r\n\r\nS -  Now Eck Bailey, did he come and get coal?\r\n\r\nB -  Now he was one that started it down here. Eck Bailey had the coal yard right in Dante and he\r\nfurnished all the house coal and they'd sell it to everybody but then when they moved it out and\r\nbrought me out of the mines, then they done away with that one and Eck Bailey, he retired you\r\nknow and then they moved the coal yard out of Dante. It was right there around from where the\r\nBeer Garden was.\r\n\r\nS -  That's where he had his?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, right there. The scales was right there.\r\n\r\nS -  Right in the middle of town.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, but when they done away with that then; he was retired then and that's when they\r\nbrought me out of the mines and put me down there and then that was about '53 and in '56 they\r\njust put me over that, about three years later.\r\n\r\nS -  Well now in that position were you considered part of management then?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  So you wouldn't have been a member of the union then?\r\n\r\nB -  I was for six years.\r\n\r\nS -  Were you?\r\n\r\nB -  When I was in the mines you know and then when they brought me out of the mines they put\r\nme on salary and I was the rest of the time for thirty one years I was in the coal yard 'till I retired.\r\n\r\nS -  So most of your time with the mines was in the coal yard?(204)\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah and see the company paid me my retirement. If I'd had ten years with the union then\r\nthey would have paid part of it and the company would have paid part of it but since I didn't have\r\nten years as a United Mine Worker then the company had to fall back and pick that six years up\r\nand pay me for retirement on that but I got three times better retirement than the miners got. A\r\nlot better but I don't get the benefits they got. See they get their medical...\r\n\r\nS -  You don't have the medical card.\r\n\r\nB -  I don't have a card. See I have my own secondary insurance off of the medicare but they\r\ndon't have to have that. They've got the union card and then they just pay five dollars for a\r\nprescription 'till they pay fifty dollars and then they don't pay nothing. Her medicine runs two or\r\nthree thousand dollars a year. I have to pay it. I get a little bit of it back, not much. I have to\r\nmeet a three hundred and fifty dollar deductible then I got to pay twenty eight dollars a month for\r\nthat insurance and then after I meet my deductible they pay me all over ten dollars for generic\r\nand all over twenty for regular, after I meet my deductible. So I just now started ... I got a little\r\ncheck back for five dollars and then I sent one off yesterday and I'll only get back a hundred and\r\nseventy some dollars for four prescriptions. I'll only get back maybe seventy dollars of that back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=180.0,361.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  Yeah, those medical benefits are worth a lot as you get older. Did you ever have black lung?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  You got the black lung?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you get certified to get black lung benefits br anything or can you not because you're not\r\nin the union?\r\n\r\nB -  No, can't get them, not union. See where I worked in the coal yard there was dust and stuff.\r\nThat's how I got it.\r\n\r\nS -  So, you have to be a union member in order to get black lung benefits?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, now they'll pay anything that happens to me medically. The medical will pay it.\r\nBlack lung is for lungs, that's all.\r\n\r\nS -  Okay, you don't get a regular check like the miners get if they've got black lung? (242)\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I get a check.\r\n\r\nS -  A black lung check?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, each month. Same thing but I don't have the union card.\r\n\r\nS -  To go to the hospital with.\r\n\r\nB -  See, well their black lung pays for all bronchial and then their other card pays for anything\r\nelse. See, I don't have one that pays for anything else so I got to have a supplement they call it\r\nthat costs two hundred and seven dollars a month that I have to pay for that insurance.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you have a hard time getting your black lung certified?\r\n\r\nB -  No, they give it to me before I retired but you know, I didn't retire. I went ahead and worked\r\nanother year but still I've had a lot of trouble with my lungs and the company just asked me to go\r\nahead you know and they give me a good retirement. They give me the same retirement that I\r\nwould have got ifl was sixty-five and I had enough time. The way my retirement works they pay\r\nme the regular retirement for twenty years and for all the time I've got over twenty up to forty\r\nyears they give me thirty five dollars a year. So I got twenty times thirty five added on to my\r\nretirement.\r\n\r\nS -  Well that's great. That's good.\r\n\r\nB -  That's what the company done. That's the reason I get such a lot better retirement than the\r\nminers get. I had forty one years but they won't pay over forty. See they'll pay regular times\r\ntwenty years.\r\n\r\nS -  So that last year didn't do you any good did it?\r\n\r\nB -  No and I went ahead and worked and I should have quit. I'd have done better if I'd quit.\r\n\r\nS -  Well how did you like your six years working underground?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, it was alright, I mean.\r\n\r\nS -  Was it rough?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. I worked on the hand loading sections and I done track work and timber work. I didn't\r\nload coal.(275)\r\n\r\nS -  Setting timbers? Setting the safety timbers?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, and working on hand loading sections, keeping their supplies to them and keeping the\r\ntimbers up and track into the mines while they was hand loading. They loaded by hand.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah, with a shovel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=361.0,535.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B -  Yeah, you had to put a little extension of track every time you cleaned up a cut you'd have to\r\nput some track down so he could get the car across it. After each cut. Sometimes it'd be up there\r\nthat they could load it out and every other day you'd have to put track up to the face again you\r\nsee. So the car they could load right off the side and off the front end of it but I just stayed under\r\nthere six years. I was glad they brought me out of it.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you see some injuries or any deaths or accidents while you were in there?\r\n\r\nB -  In the mines?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I got covered up once with a rock.\r\n\r\nS -  Really?· A rock fall?\r\nJB:Mm-hm.\r\n\r\nS -  What happened?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, we was setting the collar and we laid the collar upon the mining car.\r\n\r\nS -  Now what is a collar?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, it's the bar that goes plumb across, put a post on each side ofit.\r\n\r\nS -  Okay, so it's a big support to hold the roof up?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, to hold the roof up. We was supposed to 1'let it and my buddy says let's just wait and\r\nput it on the car. It would be the last place and let 'em push it up there. We could get our backs\r\nunder it and we had our leg already cut and I got mine up and got my leg under it and he couldn't\r\nget his under it, it had a little bow in it. And I said, well let's set it back down and turn the collar\r\nover. It's got a little bow in it. And when I started back down with it the rock all come but the\r\ncollar saved me. Yeah, the collar and the car. Just a few rocks hit me in the head and I didn't get\r\ncut up or nothing (305) but I was under the rock and they got me out.\r\n\r\nS -  Now how big is the collar around?\r\n\r\nB -  Well some of them was six by sixes, you know.\r\n\r\nS -  Okay, and this is wood?\r\n\r\nB -  Square yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah, a six by six square.\r\n\r\nB -  And they'd go from one side to the other.\r\n\r\nS -  So how long would it be?\r\n\r\nB -  Well it would be about ever how long about ten or twelve foot.\r\n\r\nS -  That's awfully heavy for two men to be lifting.\r\n\r\nB -  Well, they were not that heavy.\r\n\r\nS -  They weren't that heavy?\r\n\r\nB -  No. I mean you could get your back under it and it would come up.\r\n\r\nS -  But how tall was the roof?\r\n\r\nB -  Well the coal was about four foot high.\r\n\r\nS -  Four foot high. So your crouched laying down.\r\n\r\nB -  I was down anyway you see and just go up a little bit and you got your leg setting against the\r\nrib and just put your arm around it and once you get your collar up there you just slip it under and\r\npop your wedge in there and take your ax and tighten it up.\r\n\r\nS -  Except it didn't work that day.\r\n\r\nB -  No, it didn't work. It got me.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you think you were a goner?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I thought I was gone but I was okay though.\r\n\r\nS -  And so your buddy was okay too?\r\n\r\nB -  No, it didn't get him. It all come on my side. (324) Yeah, on that side of the car just one big\r\nthing come out right there. If it hadn't been for the car it would have killed me. The car caught\r\nit.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah 'cause it fell on the collar and rolled in the car.\r\n\r\nB -  And it was on top of that and some ofit broke up and they just pulled me out from under\r\nthere and my hat was busted. I had a hard hat. I wasn't hurt though. Didn't have a blue place on\r\nme.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=535.0,718.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  You were lucky.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I was glad to get outside. When they put me outside I never did want back. I could\r\nhave went back in as a foreman in the shaft and made more money but I turned it down. Well,\r\nmy brother was a mine foreman. He worked underground.\r\n\r\nS -  Do you remember the bump that happened in Number Two?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, all them boys. I think there was six got killed over there.\r\n\r\nS -  Were you working up on the cable car when that happened?\r\n\r\nB -  No, I was ....\r\n\r\nS -  Still in service?\r\n\r\nB -  What year did that happen?\r\n\r\nS -  It was about '46 I think.\r\n\r\nB -  That's what year I come out. That's the year I come out. I was working up here.\r\n\r\nS -  Up here doing what?\r\n\r\nB -  Up at 52 or 53. Fifty three. Yeah, when that happened I working under ground then too.\r\n\r\nS -  I think that's the worst accident that's ever happened in the Dante mines from what I\r\nunderstand. Do you know of anything else?\r\n\r\nB -  They had an explosion at the shaft. You remember that don't you? (353)\r\nKS:No.\r\n\r\nB -  They had an explosion. I think four maybe five got killed in that. That was a way after this.\r\nJust a little while before I retired, maybe a few years, but they had an explosion.\r\n\r\nS -  From the gas?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, the gas.\r\n\r\nS -  And that was in the shaft mines?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  They said these drift mouth mines weren't very gassy. That wasn't usually a hazard.\r\n\r\nB -  No, no they didn't have many. The only thing, they didn't have gas but dust explosions a lot\r\nof times you know. Set that dust off. If one little one would make a pocket and put some more\r\ndust in there and it ignites and each one gets bigger. That's the way dust explodes. I've had a\r\ndust explosion outside.\r\n\r\nS -  Really?\r\n\r\nB -  Under those conveyors down there where it would pile up. I'd be a working there with a\r\ntorch a' cutting something you know and my men a' working and we'd get a pop you know but it\r\nwouldn't be that much dust and wouldn't bum nobody.\r\n\r\nS -  But it was scary?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, it was scary. Anytime that you've got coal dust in the air and you've got a light or an\r\nopen fire, it's subject to explode.\r\n\r\nS -  Well these old, old miners used to go in with these little oil pans on their hats.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I've got one of them.\r\n\r\nS -  Have you?\r\n\r\nB -  I've used it one time.\r\n\r\nS -  That open flame?\r\n\r\nB -  Open flame. You're not allowed to have that no more.(382)\r\n\r\nS -  No. Well, they're not supposed to smoke in the mines either but I think that still goes on to\r\nsome extent.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. I'd say it does.\r\n\r\nS -  They're still having problems with that. Well, now would there be a bath house as you came\r\nout, that the company ran for the miners when you were working under ground?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=718.0,895.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"B -  No. No bath house. We had our own bath house up here but we had to pay so much. This\r\nboy had a bath and then the company later had their own bath houses. When I retired I bathed\r\nover at central shop over there across from the preparation plant. That's where I bathed. I worked\r\nthe coal yards above there and I'd stop and put on my work clothes there and stuff and safety cap\r\nand my shoes and then we'd come back that evening and we'd bathe there and put on our dress\r\nclothes and leave our equipment and mining clothes in the locker.\r\n\r\nS -  But before that earlier, they didn't have anything.\r\n\r\nB -  Earlier they didn't have anything, no. Most people bathed at home but then a few years after\r\nI come back out of the service, this Brookes man had this old house up there and he turned it into\r\na bath house and put lockers there and we started bathing down there and paying him maybe two\r\ndollars or three dollars a month or something you know.\r\n\r\nS -  Now did he pipe the water in somehow?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, well they had the water pipes.\r\n\r\nS -  Hot water?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, he had a hot water heater in there you know that heated the water with coal. It was a\r\nlot of them started bathing there. I bathed there for a long time.\r\n\r\nS -  And I guess the women appreciated you not coming home with all that stuff.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. Back then we didn't have no bathrooms and had to bathe in a Number Three washing\r\ntub.\r\n\r\nS -  Right. Now you met your wife while you were in service you told me down in Texas.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I was in Fort Worth.\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - Don't tell her that.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah that's part of your story. And you talked about (428) how wonderful Virginia was,\r\nright?\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - Jerald just likes to talk.\r\n\r\nS -  Oh, he's doing great.\r\n\r\nB -  Well, honey I'm supposed to be a' telling her what's going on.\r\n\r\nS -  That's right. And what year did you get married?\r\n\r\nB -  '45.\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - (unclear)\r\n\r\nB -  We got married in 1945, December the 12th. November the 12th it was.\r\n\r\nS -  You better get it right huh?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, November the 12th.\r\n\r\nS -  And you came and you moved into this house, right?\r\n\r\nB -  Around '46 wasn't it. We moved here in '46.\r\n\r\nS -  And she was telling me it was just three rooms.\r\n\r\nB -  That's right and they was a partition here and this was a back bedroom and then we had a\r\nmiddle room was the living room and that was the kitchen and then she helped me and tore out\r\nall these and we just started building.\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - Did you tell her all about your music instruments and how you played music you and\r\nyour friends and all of them? You haven't told her the most important thing.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I was telling her about Steve Gyetway and friends that we played music with. Well\r\nJack, I told her about Jack and honey you're talking on that thing right there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=895.0,1085.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  That's okay. She can help us out.\r\n\r\nB -  I've already told everything you've ....\r\n\r\nS -  She wants to be sure you've got the important stuff.\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - Yeah, well don't tell nothing about me.\r\n\r\nS -  We'll keep you a secret.(462)\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - That's right.\r\n\r\nS -  Okay. But he was living here with somebody and he made the house a lot bigger. A whole\r\nlot bigger. How many rooms did you add?\r\n\r\nB -  I added the bathroom and the hall and three bedrooms. Then I built that apartment out\r\nbehind there. There ain't never nobody lived in it. We stayed up there three days during the\r\nflood.\r\n\r\nMrs. Buttry - We had a house on the hill up there.\r\n\r\nB -  Well, I got one on the mountain.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah. So you had your little garage apartment here and when the flood came you moved up\r\nthere.\r\n\r\nB -  We went up there and had to stay two or three days, it was in February. 'Cause we didn't\r\nhave no heat down here. It flooded my basement and we had a Franklin fire place up there and I\r\nhad electric heat in the bathroom and so it wasn't no problem and we just went up there.\r\n\r\nS -  Right. And what year was that?\r\n\r\nB -  When was it when that flood come here and flooded everybody away? It was before I retired\r\nand I've been retired fourteen years, will be this October. It was before that.\r\n\r\nS -  It was in. t he seventies maybe .\r\n\r\nB -  I'll tell you when in '76 was when I built that. I remember when I built it. It was after that.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah, I was thinking that there was a flood in about '79.\r\n\r\nB -  That's when it was then. We hadn't had it long. Well, her brother and wife came to visit\r\nwith us and they stayed up there while they was here. They'd go up there and sleep.\r\n\r\nS -  So that's your guest house?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Well, now tell me about the Hainted House church up here.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, that's where my mother went up there. When I was little I went there. Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  What was hainted about it?(503)\r\n\r\nB -  Well, the reason they called it the Hainted Church, they was some Greeks that lived there\r\nand they got into a fight...\r\nENDOF2A\r\n\r\n2B\r\n\r\nB -  It was a company house but nobody wouldn't live in it on account of all the people a' getting\r\nkilled in there.\r\n\r\nS -  They thought there were ghosts?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, so they let the Assembly of God have it to have church services you know and that's\r\nwhere we started going to church there when I come back out of the service and then they built\r\nthe big church up there.\r\n\r\nS -  Now this little church that's just up the way up here on the left.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, that's the Freewill Baptist.\r\n\r\nS -  It's a different one.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, J. T. Hartsock's the pastor ofit. Gerald Sexton is the pastor of the big church up there,\r\nthe Assembly of God.\r\n\r\nS -  Did yo'.-1 have a church up there at Hazel?\r\n\r\nB -  No, we come down here at the Hainted House. Yeah, with my mother.\r\n\r\nS -  That was quite a haul to come down here for that.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah and sometimes we'd go to St. Paul.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=1085.0,1265.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  Really? That was a long way. By horse and buggy?\r\n\r\nB -  You know where the jail is in St. Paul?\r\n\r\nS -  Huh-uh.\r\n\r\nB -  You know where the bank is?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nB -  Down that street at the bank, the jail's there and that building that sets right straight up after\r\nyou pass the jail. That's where the church was. We'd go down there some but (17) that's not the\r\nchurch anymore.\r\n\r\nS -  Uh-huh. But she liked to go down there. Did you ever go to any baptizing in the river?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, a lot of them. Yeah, I've been to a lot of baptizings. In fact I've played music for\r\nbaptizings.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you ever play your mandolin?\r\n\r\nB -  Played the guitar, and sing you know. Sometimes, well we'd take the mandolin too\r\nsometimes and play but most of the time we'd take our guitar. Me and Jack would play.\r\n\r\nS -  What was Jack's last name?\r\n\r\nB -  Burkett.\r\n\r\nS -  Burkett. Do you still play?\r\n\r\nB -  Jack's dead.\r\n\r\nS -  Is he?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. He's been dead about two or three years. I haven't played any much. Sometimes I\r\nplay in church up here. My daughter plays piano and I'll play behind her. I'll play electric guitar.\r\nBut I don't play the blue grass music anymore 'cause I ain't got nobody to play with.\r\n\r\nS -  Got to have a buddy, don't you?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, you have to a banjo and a guitar and bass guitar and a fiddle.\r\n\r\nS -  But your best band was back when you were a lot younger?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, we played for square dances and everything that come along. Anytime that we'd get a\r\nchance to play we'd go.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah. Lucille's daddy was quite a fiddle player she told me.\r\n\r\nB -  Huh?(35)\r\n\r\nS -  Charlie Milhorn was a big fiddle player.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  He'd go to dances and stuff.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, Charlie was okay. Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Were you ever a member of any men's groups like the Moose or the lodge?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, I belonged to the Eagle's once.\r\n\r\nS -  The Eagle's? Okay. Did they meet down in Dante?\r\n\r\nB -  No, they met up on the hill over here. The Moose was down in Hamlin there where the\r\nPhillips building is now but I didn't belong to the Moose. I'd go down and play music a lot of\r\ntimes. When they'd have those dances and things like that but I was an Eagle when they had it at\r\nSt. Paul. They tore all that out and they moved it up above Boody there. I just quit going. I just\r\nlet my membership run out and I ain't been in I guess twenty years. My dad belonged to the\r\nMoose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=1265.0,1447.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  Did he? Well, what did the Eagles do back when you were going?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, they was sort just oflike the Moose you know. I mean they helped people that needs\r\nhelp just like the Lion's Club or something like that. If you got people that needs glasses they'd\r\nfurnish them for them and the same way as the Lion's Club. I never did belong to the Lion's Club\r\nbut I been over there a lot and played music for them a few times. When they'd have fund raisers\r\nand stuff like that.\r\n\r\nS -  Did you ever spend any time at the Beer Garden?\r\n\r\nB -  Yes I did back when I was young. (Laughs.) Sure did.\r\n\r\nS -  I understand that it was kind of a family place. Wasn't really a bar or tavern.\r\n\r\nB -  No, well they had a bar there and stools and tables. I even worked there before when I'd got\r\nout of school I'd go. They wouldn't let me sell beer. I was too young but they'd let me work and\r\nwash dishes and stuff and make sandwiches and stuff. I couldn't serve no beer tables or .\r\nnothing.(64)\r\n\r\nS -  Did you ever work in the store for your dad?\r\n\r\nB -  No, my brother did but I never did work for Daddy. My brother when he went in the service\r\nhe worked for my dad in the grocery at Dante you know. No, I never did work in the store.\r\n\r\nS -  Well, now you've lived here just about all your life either on Hazel Mountain or down in\r\nDante. A lot of people but you've chosen to stay. here. Why do you think that is?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, it seems like something just kept me here. All my friends was here, my rowdy\r\nfriends. Back when I was playing music and everything, seems like everything fit in for me right\r\nhere. Been a lot of them that's left out. A lot of them died out. Harry Whitaker he died, Cmiis\r\nPalmer he died too ....\r\n\r\nS -  He died recently.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. Sure did. Did you know Curtis?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah. I had just met him just before then.\r\n\r\nB -  Curtis, I miss him so much. Anytime I needed something I could go down there and get it\r\nfixed you know.\r\n\r\nS -  He was real handy wasn't he?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Now I understood he invented something in the mines.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, he made one of these continuous miners and I'd say they're using it now but see he let\r\nit go. He went to Washington and had it all and everything.\r\n\r\nS -  He had a patent?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah the patent and if you don't use it in five years somebody can steal the thing and he\r\ndidn't know that and they stole it. They got it and some of the mines is using it now. He cut a lot\r\nof those motors off that they was using and them sprays and stuff he fixed them different to spray\r\nto keep the dust down but in fact he went and installed them for the Clinchfield mines. He went\r\nin and installed them new sprays that he had invented on their continuous miners and they paid\r\nhim for it but then his patent, somebody got it. He told me who it was but I don't know. It wasn't\r\nConsolidated I don't think. I can't remember. I knew a lot about Curtis. I was with him a lot\r\nduring his life. He'd be a working on a project and I'd go down there with him and help him\r\nsome(96) what I could.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=1447.0,1600.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  Well, now when you came back from service was Rush Adams in charge then?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah, so you got to know him pretty well?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, see I knew him before I went into service. See that's how I got my job when I come out\r\nof school. I went to work for Rush Adams was the president and Frank Harr was... Did they tell\r\nyou about Frank Harr?\r\n\r\nS -  Yeah. I've heard of him.\r\n\r\nB -  He was assistant and when I come back out of the service I was on the street down there and\r\nMr. Adams said, Jerald are you out of the service? And I said yeah, and he said, why ain't you\r\nbeen in ? We need you up at the tipple. It was during Christmas time and it was cold and he said\r\nwe need somebody up there. He said, everybody's on vacation or wanting off for Christmas. He\r\nsaid, you come in and I'll get you back to work. I had to work through the holidays. Keeping\r\nthat tipple heated, you know. Fires and everything, that furnace and that big boiler and stuff a\r\ngoing and I said I didn't want to go back 'till after the first of the year. No, he said, you go back\r\nto work now ! Said, I want you to get fixed up and go to work tonight, and I worked ever since\r\n'till I retired.\r\n\r\nS -  He really needed you right then and there. Well, now back then did you get any vacation\r\ndays?\r\n\r\nB -  No, we wasn't no union then. Not when I come back. We had a year we didn't have to join\r\nno unions or any kind of organization or anything for a year but they told us to keep down\r\ntrouble, Mr. Adams ... well, Roy Osborne, we come back at the same time. We went to school\r\ntogether, me and Roy, and he's dead now too. And they called us in, wanted to know if we\r\nwould just waiver that, not hold the company to that, a year without joining the union 'cause of a\r\nlot of trouble with the miners that already belonged to the union, so I said, it don't make no\r\ndifference with me. I can go in today or a year, it don't make no difference if it'll keep down\r\ntrouble I'll go in. So they told us to be down there on Saturday, me and Roy and I believe Ervin,\r\nJim Ervin. We all went into the union at the same time.(132)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=1600.0,1823.0"},{"id":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185/transcript/34833/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"S -  So the company actually encouraged you to?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, they told me to. They'd rather we'd go ahead and go in to keep down trouble you\r\nknow at the mines 'cause ifwe worked with you and you're union and I'm a scab (that's what\r\nthey'd call me), so I just went on in. Took the obligation and the company encouraged it. They\r\nwanted us to.\r\n\r\nS -  That was a different attitude from Lee Long's attitude?\r\n\r\nB -  Oh, yeah it was. Oh, yeah he fought the union. But now to keep down trouble, Mr. Adams\r\nand Mr. Harr, they encouraged us to go ahead and join early but you know what, we didn't have\r\nto pay no dues. Our dues was paid up for a year.\r\n\r\nS -  Oh, really? The company paid them?\r\n\r\nB -  Well, I don't know who paid them. They said if we'd go in, they said, you've got a year but\r\nyou won't have to pay no dues but you'll still belong to the union. So my dues was paid up for a\r\nyear. Whether the company paid it or maybe the union or what.\r\n\r\nS -  He was anxious to put you to work for him.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah.\r\n\r\nS -  Was he pretty good to work for, Rush Adams?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, Lord, he was a good man. I liked him 'cause he was, see he was working for the\r\ncompany during the time of Lee Long and then when Lee Long left then he become president.\r\n\r\nS -  They brought him in to replace him.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, we knew Mr. Adams and he was friend of the family.\r\n\r\nS -  Was he?\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, my daddy's friend and we was just like family. I mean you know anything that we had\r\nthat they needed they got it and if we needed something they'd make sure we got it.\r\n\r\nS -  Now did they live over in Clinchco?\r\n\r\nB -  Uh-huh. Rush Adams was at Clinchco.\r\n\r\nS -  And then he moved down here?(161)\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah. Well, see Daddy run that store on the mountain and he knew Mr. Adams and Daddy,\r\nwhere he traveled back and forth we knew about everybody.\r\n\r\nS -  Now when did your parents die?\r\n\r\nB -  Daddy died January the 6th of'84. He was 89 years old and Mommy was 95 when she died.\r\nDid Mommy die in '96 or '95? Ninety-five, October of'95 I believe. She was born in 1899,\r\nDecember the twentieth. She was almost 96 years old. Well, she lacked from October to\r\nDecember.\r\n\r\nS -  You have a lot of years ahead of you then.\r\n\r\nB -  Oh, I feel like I'm about ready to leave here. I was down there at the Piggly Wiggly and a\r\nfriend of mine, he said, Jerald buddy, said I ain't seen you in ages and said where have you been\r\nhiding? And I said I've been in the mountains up there above Dante. (Whispers.) I said I'm up\r\nthere a' dodging the undertaker. Some lady was getting some milk there and she started\r\nlaughing. She said well this made my day. She said that's the best one I've ever heard. Said what\r\nare you doing and I said dodging the undertaker.\r\n\r\nS -  Well, you keep busy and keep active and that's important.\r\n\r\nB -  Yeah, but when I set down now when I first get up I can't hardly navigate. I get stiff bones\r\nbut after I get moving I'm okay. But now that's just happened in the last few years.\r\n\r\nS -  Circulation is kind of slowing down.\r\n\r\nB -  Mm-hm. Something is slowing down.\r\nENDOF2B","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://archivesofappalachia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1741/collection_resources/57015/file/131185#t=1823.0,2072.71742"}]}]}]}